Modern Markers of Renal Damage in Diabetes Mellitus

REVIEW
Lyubov I. Kolesnikova, Elena V. Chugunova, Marina A. Darenskaya, Lyudmila A. Grebenkina

 
International Journal of Biomedicine.2020;10(1):9-15.
DOI: 10.21103/Article10(1)_RA1
Originally published March 15, 2020

Abstract: 

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a public health problem worldwide. Despite the presence of various sugar-lowering drugs, correcting hyperglycemia and preventing late DM complications remain a difficult task. Unfortunately, DM complications are often detected at late stages, when there are irreversible changes and a global decrease in the function of damaged organs and systems. One of the most dangerous complications leading to early death of patients is diabetic nephropathy. However, the problem of finding early markers of renal damage that can detect the earliest renal damage in global clinical practice remains unresolved. The following are the modern markers that are likely to be able to timely reflect the preclinical manifestations of diabetic nephropathy (DN): Type-IV collagen, NGAL, b2MG, cystatin C, E-cadherin, podocalyxin, and nephrin. Heparan sulfate, mindin, TGF-β, ICAM-1, KIM-1, uromodulin, and LFABP are also being studied. The task of modern medicine is to find the most sensitive of these markers to diagnose DN in a timely manner.

Keywords: 
diabetic nephropathy • markers of renal damage • glomerular filtration rate • albuminuria
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Received February 3, 2020.
Accepted February 25, 2020.
©2020 International Medical Research and Development Corporation.