Oral Changes in Chronic Renal Failure Patients in One of the Regional Hospitals in Kosovo

ORIGINAL ARTICLE
G. Muhaxheri, J. Kelmendi, V. Hysenaj Cakolli, D. Kolgeci

 
International Journal of Biomedicine. 2023;13(4):306-311.
DOI: 10.21103/Article13(4)_OA12
Originally published December 5, 2023

Abstract: 

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have a higher tendency to have oral diseases such as periodontitis, saliva flow changes, bleeding gums, dry mouth, and bad breath. Malnutrition, oxidative stress, and vitamin deficiency, such as complex vitamin B and vitamin C, are the main factors that may cause oral changes. This study aimed to evaluate the subjective oral health of a sample of 90 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) in dialysis and determine the relationship between renal failure and oral changes. As a result, the most frequent answer was dry mouth after dialysis at around 73.3% of the patients, whereas 41.1% had tooth decay, 52% had bad breath, 35% had gingival bleeding and 22.2% have noticed tooth coloring. The comparison between male and female patients found significant differences in uremic fetor: male patients had an average score of 1.58, while female patients had 1.36 (P=0.0371). Another significant difference was found for tooth discoloration: the average score for males was 1.67 and for females, 1.90 (p=0.0082). Patients in urban areas had an average score for caries after dialysis of 1.40, while those in rural areas had 1.68 (P=0.01). Patients with CRF should get multidisciplinary treatment. These patients require special consideration not only about dental treatment but also because of the side effects of the treatments they receive. A detailed evaluation and provision of good oral care after diagnosis of end-stage renal disease is more than necessary.

Keywords: 
chronic renal failure • uremic fetor • dry mouth
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Received July 25, 2023.
Accepted September 5, 2023.
©2023 International Medical Research and Development Corporation.