The Effect of Treating Acrylic Resin Denture Base Material with Processed Mushroom Microparticle Solution on the Engineering and Biomaterial Properties

ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Zahraa Saad A. Karkosh, Omer Abdul Jabbar Abdul Qader, Abeer A. Yahya, Alyaa Saad Abed

 
For citation: Karkosh ZSA, Qader OAJA, Yahya AA, Abed AS. The Effect of Treating Acrylic Resin Denture Base Material with Processed Mushroom Microparticle Solution on the Engineering and Biomaterial Properties. International Journal of Biomedicine. 2026;16(2):248-252. doi:10.21103/Article16(2)_OA15
 
Originally published June 5, 2026

Abstract: 

Background: Different types of material have been used for many years as a denture base material, but heat-cure acrylic denture base material is still the most popular for  making removable prostheses due to its many advantages, including good strength, stability, aesthetic low water sorption; however, this material also has many drawbacks, including mechanical and hygienic weaknesses, as it is porous and can trap food and microorganisms. The aim of this study was to measure the effect on biomaterial properties of adding a processed mushroom microparticle (PMM) solution to methyl methacrylate (MMA), the monomer of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), including transverse and impact strength, water sorption, and its effect on specific types of microorganisms.
Methods and Results: The edible mushroom type Agaricus bisporus (white button mushroom) was used as a microparticle solution to be mixed with MMA to test its antibacterial, antifungal effects, and its effect on the PMMA mechanical properties. According to the test type, 120 samples were prepared; 10 samples were used for each test and each group.
Bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella spp.) and Candida albicans were used in this study to investigate antibacterial and antifungal activity. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to confirm the size of processed micro particles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify organic, inorganic, and polymeric materials.
PMM was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp., and Candida albicans, and the results showed no effect on the bacteria; it inhibited only Candida albicans, with an inhibition zone diameter of 10mm. The results for MMA alone showed no effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, but it did affect only Klebsiella spp. However, after mixing MMA with 10% PMM, the natural extract showed a synergistic effect against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp., and Candida albicans, with inhibition zones of 7 mm, 8 mm, and 9 mm, respectively. The inhibition zone diameters of acrylic discs containing PMM were 19 mm, 21 mm, and 16 mm for Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp., and Candida albicans, respectively, whereas the MMA group showed no effect.  There was a highly significant increase in transverse and impact strengths for the processed group, compared to the MMA group, and a highly significant reduction in water sorption for the processed group, compared to the MMA group.
Conclusion: The addition of PMM to the MMA monomer and subsequent mixing with PMMA powder yielded noticeable results from both mechanical and biological perspectives.

Keywords: 
acrylic denture material • antifungal agents • mechanical phenomena
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Received January 25, 2026.
Accepted March 24, 2026.
© 2026 The Author(s). International Journal of Biomedicine is published by IMRDC.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.