Metabolic Syndrome in Caucasian Women with Hyperandrogenism: Lipid Metabolism and Lipid Peroxidation System

ORIGINAL ARTICLE
M. A. Darenskaya, L. V. Belenkaia, L. V. Suturina, S. I. Kolesnikov, L. F. Sholokhov, L. M. Lazareva, Ya. G. Nadelyaeva, I. N. Danusevich, L. I. Kolesnikova

 
For citation: Darenskaya MA, Belenkaia LV, Suturina LV, Kolesnikov SI, Sholokhov LF, Lazareva LM, Nadelyaeva YaG, Danusevich IN, Kolesnikova LI. Metabolic Syndrome in Caucasian Women with Hyperandrogenism: Lipid Metabolism and Lipid Peroxidation System. International Journal of Biomedicine. 2025;15(1):84-89. doi:10.21103/Article15(1)_OA5
 
Originally published March 5, 2025

Abstract: 

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the parameters of lipid metabolism and lipid peroxidation (LPO) - antioxidant defense (AOD) system disorders in Caucasian women with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hyperandrogenism (HA).
Methods and Results: 300 Caucasian women of reproductive age (18-44 years) living in the Irkutsk region and the Republic of Buryatia territories were examined. According to MetS and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnostic criteria, the following groups were formed: Group 1 included 209 women with MetS, and Group 2 included 23 women with MetS and PCOS (hyperandrogenic phenotypes). The control group (n=68) consisted of practically healthy women.
The parameters of lipid metabolism (triglycerides [TG], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C]), lipid peroxidation system (double bounds [DBs], conjugated dienes [CDs], ketodienes and conjugated trienes [KD and CT], thiobarbituric acids reactive substances [TBARS]), and antioxidant defense (total antioxidant activity [TAA], superoxide dismutase [SOD] activity, reduced glutathione [GSH], oxidized glutathione [GSSG], retinol, α-tocopherol) were studied. Spectrophotometric, fluorometric, and statistic methods were used.
In Group 1 (MetS), the levels of TG and LDL-C were significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.0001 and P=0.046, respectively). In contrast, the HDL-C level was significantly lower than in the control group (P<0001).  Similarly, in Group 2 (MetS+HA), we found an increase in the TG level (P<0.001) and a decrease in the HDL-C level (P=0.008) compared with the control group. (Table 1). There were no differences between Groups 1 and 2 (P>0.05).
The LPO reactions were more intense in women with MetS, characterized by a higher content of substrates with DBs (P=0.010) and TBARS (P=0.037) compared with the control group. In Group 2 (MetS+HA), only the TBARS level was statistically significantly higher (P=0.008) than in the control group.
In Group 1 (MetS), the SOD activity and the levels of α-tocopherol and retinol were significantly higher than in the control group (P=0.005, P=0.017, and P<0.001, respectively) (Table 3). The SOD activity was significantly lower in Group 2 (MetS+HA) than in Group 1 (MetS) (P=0.043).  The remaining indicators of antioxidant defense status did not differ significantly between Groups 1 and 2.
Conclusion: The data obtained indicated a proatherogenic nature of lipid metabolism, increased LPO reactions, and a compensatory increase in some components of the AOD system in Caucasian women with MetS. In women with the MetS-HA comorbidity, the activity of AOD factors does not increase.

Keywords: 
metabolic syndrome • hyperandrogenism • polycystic ovary syndrome • Caucasian • lipids • lipid peroxidation • antioxidant defense
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Received December 26, 2024.
Accepted January 30, 2025.
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