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Researchers at the University of Southampton, examining worldwide variations in funding for cancer research, say there's a pressing need to invest more in lower-income countries.

Macrophages are part of the immune system's frontline; they attack and eat invaders to protect surrounding cells. They, along with other cells, maintain intracellular conditions through macroautophagy, using autophagosomes to help digest broken cell components.

Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS) have heightened innate immune responses to bacteria, viruses, and fungi. While these responses are essential to fight infection, they can cause damage when unchecked.

Depression alters how people pursue rewards, but, conversely, whether depressive symptoms influence how people learn to avoid nonrewarding, unpleasant events is less clear.

A hormone produced by the brain, orexin, may play a central role in the functioning of the brain’s glymphatic system, which clears waste, according to a new study from the University of Oulu.

The most common type of brain tumor in children, pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), accounts for about 15% of all pediatric brain tumors.

Dual antiplatelet therapy after heart bypass surgery is not more effective than aspirin alone - and it increases the risk of excessive bleeding. This has now been shown in a study of 2,201 patients at 22 Nordic heart surgery units.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the deadliest breast cancer subtype, disproportionately affects African American women – but until now, they were underrepresented in genomic studies aimed at identifying the genetic mutations driving the disease.

Not all acute myocardial infarction patients should be offered routine screening for the stomach ulcer bacterium Helicobacter pylori.

Black adults in the U.S. are first hospitalized for heart failure nearly 14 years earlier than white adults, reports a Northwestern Medicine study that analyzed data from more than 42,000 patients across hundreds of hospitals nationwide.

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy among men, with over 160,000 new cases diagnosed annually in the United States.

For decades, testosterone has been recognized as the primary driver of male reproductive development and secondary sex characteristics.

Researchers systematically reviewed and modeled Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence across 25 European countries. The study found striking regional differences, with highest infection levels in eastern and western Europe and lowest in the UK and northern regions.

This review examined 27 preclinical studies on honey and Alzheimer’s disease, showing honey’s bioactive compounds counter oxidative stress, inflammation, and amyloid buildup. Despite promising lab results, no human trials exist, underscoring the need for clinical research.

Metformin boosts human oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination across stem-cell, organoid, and chimera models. The study links these effects to mitochondrial metabolic shifts, supporting its potential as a therapy for multiple sclerosis.

Breastfeeding at six months was linked to higher IQ, better reading and math skills, and improved conversational abilities in children, according to the ALSPAC study. The findings, based on 42 significant outcomes, highlight long-term cognitive advantages but stop short of proving causality.

A cross-sectional study of 149 postmenopausal women found that greater adherence to a modified Mediterranean diet was linked to lower odds of moderate to severe hot flashes and sexual symptoms. While psychological and physical domains showed no significant association, the results support further evaluation of diet as a non-hormonal strategy for menopausal care.

Cancer cells can break down the protective covers around nerves, causing nerve injury that triggers chronic inflammation leading to immune exhaustion and eventual resistance to immunotherapy, according to new research from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.

A new study maps out the timeline of DNA damage for multiple myeloma, the second most common blood cancer.

Nearly a quarter of people over the age of 40 experience painful osteoarthritis, making it a leading cause of disability in adults.