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The DNA changes responsible for a rare genetic condition causing babies to be born without a pancreas can now be identified in almost all affected children through genetic testing.

Could the way doctors traditionally measure obesity allow a subset of people with obesity-related health risks slip through the cracks?

The humble Y chromosome may be the smallest chromosome in the mammalian genome (and getting even smaller), but it is mighty: genes on the Y chromosome are critical for fertility in males.

Newborn meningitis is one of the most dangerous childhood infections. It is often life-threatening and can cause serious and lasting damage, including developmental problems, in the children who survive.

PromptSE uses structured LLM prompting to generate pharmacologically relevant side-effect representations, then feeds them into deep learning models to predict drug-side effect associations. In benchmark testing, PromptSE improved prediction performance, while PromptSE+ further boosted results by adding multi-modal drug information and graph-based refinement for sparse data.

Population-based pathogenic variant testing identified breast cancer susceptibility gene carriers who would often be missed by clinical risk models, even when polygenic risk scores were added. In the WISDOM Study analysis, fewer than 1% of high-penetrance variant carriers would have received the same high-risk screening recommendation using clinical plus polygenic risk alone.

Lung cancer is the most common and deadly form of cancer worldwide. It is increasingly understood to be a complex genetic disease with different mutations that vary according to factors such as smoking and ethnicity.

In a groundbreaking study, Stevens researchers show how colorectal cancers can evolve from mature intestinal cells that revert to stem cells.

Over half of the people carrying HIV experience chronic pain at some point, which is difficult to treat. In a new JNeurosci paper, Hui-Lin Pan, from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, and colleagues used mice to explore how HIV leads to chronic pain.

Immune checkpoint therapy, a type of cancer immunotherapy that helps the immune system recognize and attack tumors, has transformed cancer treatment.

Pediatric flu vaccines significantly reduce the number of childhood cases of influenza, new research from Harvard Medical School confirms.

A major UK study has found that while most middle-aged and older adults experience low levels of anxiety, a small group of people with higher autistic traits are much more likely to report that their anxiety worsens as they age.

Researchers from Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, and collaborating institutions have carried out the most comprehensive review to date of tools used to estimate breast cancer risk in women with a family history of the disease.

The combination of a vaccine and a drug, which both harness the immune system to attack cancer cells, has proven successful in cutting the risk of skin cancer recurrence by 49 percent, a new study shows.

For decades, giant mitochondria-known as megamitochondria-have been recognized in liver biopsies from patients with alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD).

Healthy lifestyles can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and other complications in childhood cancer survivors.

Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies among children, and complicated acute appendicitis (CAA), including perforated or gangrenous disease, carries a higher risk of infection and longer hospitalization.

Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is more important for mental health in middle age than light physical activity, according to a new study by the University of Oulu and ODL Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine.

Drugs such as semaglutide (Wegovy/Ozempic) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro) are transforming obesity treatment, but without affordable, healthy food and appropriate support, they could widen health inequalities in the UK, according to researchers at UCL and the University of Cambridge.

People who undergo bariatric surgery and see substantial weight loss are better able to cope with household tasks such as cleaning, laundry and grocery shopping.