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Low-dose radiation therapy may do more than relieve pain from early knee osteoarthritis, with a long-term analysis suggesting it could also influence how the disease progresses.

Researchers found that chronic systolic heart failure caused by nonischemic cardiomyopathy was associated with reduced gut microbial diversity, depletion of Bifidobacterium, and lower microbial short-chain fatty acid production potential. Higher Bifidobacterium abundance and higher circulating indole-3-propionic acid levels were associated with milder disease and clinical improvement, although the findings do not establish causality.

Many patients with early-stage breast cancer do not consistently maintain the long-term hormone therapy prescribed after lumpectomy, a large U.S. insurance claims analysis indicates.

Men with high-risk prostate cancer have a higher likelihood of having residual disease following prostatectomy and may require radiation therapy after surgery, particularly when PSA levels begin to rise. Conventional postprostatectomy radiotherapy (COPORT) is typically delivered over 37 fractions, while hypofractionated postprostatectomy radiotherapy (HYPORT) delivers a slightly lower total radiation dose over just 25 fractions.

Changes in the composition of bacteria in the gut could provide early warning of type 2 diabetes (T2D), new research being presented at the annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Milan, Italy (Sept 28 – Oct 2) has found.

A test that compares the levels of two molecules in the blood is able to accurately distinguish between bacterial and viral infections in newborn babies with fever in a small study presented at the European Emergency Medicine Congress today (Sunday).

A narrative review finds that the Mediterranean diet may support brain health through gut microbiome, immune, metabolic, and barrier-related pathways, but direct human evidence that microbiome remodeling mediates neuroprotection remains limited. The proposed mechanisms involve microbial metabolites, reduced inflammatory signaling, stronger intestinal and blood-brain barrier function, and possible effects on processes linked to Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.

A large Japanese real-world cohort study found that current heated tobacco product users had a higher risk of developing hypertension than never-smokers in the primary adjusted analysis. However, the association weakened in several sensitivity analyses, and the observational study could not separate the effects of current heated tobacco use from previous cigarette exposure.

A cross-sectional study of 1,088 adults found that lifetime classic psychedelic use was associated with lower current anxiety and depression symptoms among younger adults, but these associations weakened with age. Mystical experiences may partly explain the age-related pattern, although the observational design cannot establish that psychedelic use caused the mental health differences.

Researchers examine whether extending SSC beyond the first hour can improve early weight changes, breastfeeding and other maternal and newborn outcomes in normal-birthweight infants.

A short course of ultra-low-dose radiation therapy relieved painful bone lesions from multiple myeloma for most patients in a multi-institutional phase 2 clinical trial.

A treatment for pain, that is delivered via a nasal spray, offers an effective, needle-free option for children being seen in the emergency department for a range of injuries, according to research presented at the European Emergency Medicine Congress today (Sunday).

Neuraxpharm Group and Minoryx Therapeutics, today announce that the European Commission (EC) has granted marketing authorization under exceptional circumstances for NEZGLYAL® (leriglitazone), an orally bioavailable, brain penetrating, selective PPAR gamma agonist, as a treatment for male cALD patients, aged 2-12 years with Gadolinium (Gd)-negative brain lesions.

Through a £90 million Medical Research Council (MRC) investment, researchers will undertake PhDs and get experience in academia, healthcare and industry.

Physicians and scientists from the UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center will share new research and clinical trial findings at the 2026 American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) Annual Meeting, including studies on new treatment approaches for prostate, bile duct and head and neck cancers, personalized radiation therapy based on genetic risk, and advances in targeted radiation and radioligand therapy designed to improve cancer control while limiting treatment side effects.

At first, cholesterol and glycosylation seemed like two separate leads. As the researchers followed them, however, the pathways converged.

In the Philippines, public healthcare remains inaccessible to many due to a variety of factors, including the high cost and limited availability of medical experts.

A research team from the Vision and Action Laboratory, Visual Perception and Cognition Laboratory, and Cognitive Neurotechnology Unit in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Toyohashi University of Technology, led by Associate Professor Hideki Tamura, has shown that the temporal patterns of pupillary responses differ depending on whether observers evaluate the same object images in terms of glossiness or attractiveness.

Announcing a new article publication for Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications. Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of death globally, despite the limited efficacy of current pharmacological therapies.

Our brains internally represent the outside world through the coordinated activity of billions of neurons. A single neuron responds unreliably: even when the same stimulus is shown repeatedly, its activity varies from trial to trial.